Introduction

The unit deals with the beneficial effects of exercise both on the general health of the individual and in the prevention or rehabilitation of individuals with certain disease conditions eg cardiovascular disease, obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes and osteoporosis.

There is now world wide consensus that physical activity is protective against coronary heart disease and a low level of physical activity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease along with smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels. The unit reviews the physiology of the cardiovascular system and describes some aspects of the basic pathophysiology of heart disease. The role of exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease is discussed. Some well established tests for aerobic fitness are described.

The concept of energy balance is also explored in relation to the increasing incidence of excess body fat and obesity in the UK. The need to measure body composition and some commonly used measurements of body fats are outlined. The importance of exercise and diet in the prevention and treatment of obesity are discussed as is the possible protective role of physical activity in osteoporosis and diabetes.

It would be an advantage if candidates undertaking this unit had a clear understanding of the topics covered in the unit: The Continuation of Life (H).